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A reverse osmosis water filter works by allowing water to pass through a thin membrane that does not allow other materials to pass. This means you wind up with clean, pure water on the using side of the membrane, while heavy metals, biological contaminants, and even chlorine remain on the other side of the membrane, filtering out and eventually flushed from the water filter’s system. A reverse osmosis water filter eliminates almost all of several contaminants from your drinking water: arsenic, chlorine, fluoride, heavy metals, nitrates, sediments, iron, bacteria, viruses, bad tastes and odors, and some of your hydrogen sulfide and VOCs (an example: pesticides).

Because of its effectiveness at removing contaminants, a reverse osmosis water filter is often called a hyperfiltration system. It works by sending water from your municipal or private supply through a series of small reservoirs in the filter unit, each containing the osmotic membrane. In the reservoir, clean water moves to the clean side of the filter, leaving contaminants behind. Water passes through via osmosis, not water pressure as is more common for other filters. That means that this filtration system is painfully slow. To address this problem, osmotic water systems include a tank where your clean water is deposited, providing a reservoir of drinking water in the amount of about fifteen gallons each day. This water is of bottled water quality, and if you buy bottled water every day, you can imagine how much money this can save you.

There are two types of membranes typical to reverse osmosis water filters. A thin film composite (TFC) membrane is very good at removing contaminants, but it is also very susceptible to damage from chlorinated water supplies. An activated carbon pre-filtration system may need to be installed upstream of your TFC membrane to remove chlorine before it gets to the membrane. The other type of membrane is the cellulose triacetate (CTA) filter, which is also good at removing contaminants though inferior to the TFC, but does not have a problem processing chlorine. Make sure before installing your water filtration system that you have the membrane most appropriate to your water system; a damaged membrane can force you to replace your entire filtration system.

If you have a problem with biological contaminants, you should consider using not just a reverse osmosis water filter by itself, but also using an ultraviolet filter, as this filter is the most effective by far in removing biological contaminants without otherwise contaminating your water supply. So your perfect reverse osmosis water filter may need to have a total of three filters to be completely effective at cleaning your water: the activated carbon filter (which needs to be changed regularly), the osmosis filter, and the ultraviolet filter (which needs an electrical power outlet). With these three filters in your system, however, you can be assured of a tasty, reliable, and clean water supply for your home and family.

The only other thing you may need to be concerned about with a reverse osmosis water filtration system is the amount of water it takes to create those fifteen gallons a day - up to ten gallons for each gallon of clean water created. If you live in an area where water needs to be conserved, you may need to ensure that rejected water goes into your gray water reservoir, where it can be used to feed your flowers.

Last 5 posts by Trent Barrett

• Home Water Filtration Systems - May 23rd, 2008
• The Perfect Whole House Water Filter - May 23rd, 2008
• Best Drinking Water Filters For Your Home - May 23rd, 2008
• An Explanation of How Home Water Purification Systems Work - May 22nd, 2008
• Why Home Water Purifiers and Filters Are Important To You - April 24th, 2008

Tags: Health